Institute of Zoology (IOZ), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), is a government-funded research institution in zoological sciences. It has a long history of over 80 years. The predecessor of IOZ was Fan Memorial Institute of Biology founded in 1928. Many distinguished scientists including thirteen CAS Academicians started their research career in IOZ. Some of them are founders of various sub-disciplines of zoology in China, such as Professor Bing Zhi, first director of IOZ and one of the main founders of modern biology in China. Several sub-disciplines in zoological sciences in China were derived from IOZ, such as entomology, animal ecology, and experimental embryology. IOZ also has a long history of service to the country with many significant contributions, such as successful control of China’s chronic agricultural pest-locust, control and management of other pest insects and rodents, establishment of nature reserves in China, conservation of giant panda, crested ibis and other endangered wildlife, reproduction and contraception, and fish nuclear transfer.